Effect of Oral Contraceptive Pills on Tear Film Status and Intraocular Pressure

http://doi.org/10.36351/pjo.v37i2.1069

Abstract

Purpose:  To find out the effect of oral contraceptive pills on tear film and intraocular pressure of women of reproductive age group.

Study Design:  Observational study.

Place and Duration of Study:  Khalid Eye clinic, Karachi, from February 2019 to January 2020.

Methods:  Eighty females between the 20 to 40 years of age were recruited for this study. They were divided into two groups of forty each. Group A included females using oral contraceptive pills for at least last nine months. Whereas, group B included control group of age matched females not using any contraceptive pills. The study dynamics was explained to all participants and informed consent was obtained. Tear film status was assessed on the basis of Tear film break up time (TBUT) on slit lamp examination and Schirmer strip test 2 (without anesthesia). Intraocular pressures were checked using Goldman Applanation tonometer. Studywas approvedfrom ethical review committee of the hospital.

Results:  Mean age was 29.3 ± 3.27 years. Tear film break up time was < 7 ± 1.5 sec in group A and > 10 ± 1.2 sec in group B. Schirmer strip test was ? 9 ± 1 mm of wetting in group A and ? 13 ± 1 mm of wetting in group B. Mean intraocular pressure was 17 ± 2 mmHg in group A whereas 13 ± 2 mmHg in group B. Grittiness, heaviness and foreign body sensation were more common in group A.

Conclusion:  Use of oral contraceptive pills has an adverse effect on the tear film status and intraocular pressures.

Key Words:  Oral contraceptive pills, Tear film, TBUT, Schirmer’s test, Intraocular pressure.